Vietnam+End


 * **NIXON AND VIETNAM**

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 * Nixon's Vietnam policy - Vietnamization - the policy for winding down the war**[[image:http://schadle.pbworks.com/f/1303141019/http___www.teachingushistory.jpg width="323" height="203"]]
 * troops were withdrawn, training and equipment was given to South Vietnamese, by 1972, only 24,200 troops remained
 * The Viet Cong continued to be supplied through the Ho Chi Minh Trail[[image:http://www.vietquoc.com/map2.jpg width="176" height="230"]]
 * However, bombing raids increased, hurting the supply lines of North Vietnam - the bombing expanded to other countries - Laos and Cambodia
 * U.S. ground forces invaded Cambodia in spring 1970 – this led to more opposition
 * May 4, 1970 - Kent State University police opened fire on protestors and 4 killed. Riots around colleges and closed school

In July, word leaked that Henry Kissinger had been meeting privately in Paris with the North Vietnamese Foreign Secretary
 * Peace talks -1972 - between Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho**
 * in October, only days before the election, Kissinger announced that " Peace is at hand"
 * several weeks later, after the election, talks broke down again
 * January 27, 1973 - agreement on ending the war and restoring peace in Vietnam
 * U.S. troops leave Vietnam, POW's released, cease-fire between the North and South

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notes 2 years later, North Vietnam military attacks Saigon falls Vietnam is reunited under communism.
 * [[image:turningpoints/usnp003.jpg caption="usnp003.jpg"]] || = THE FALL OF SAIGON =



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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_Saigon ||


 * The Legacy of Vietnam**


 * In Southeast Asia:**
 * 1.5 million Vietnamese deaths
 * countless Vietnamese civilians wounded, homeless
 * agrarian society in shambles
 * Southeast Asia left highly unstable
 * Cambodia fell to communism after terror


 * In America: America Copes**
 * 58000 Americans killed
 * 365000 wounded
 * 150 billion in direct costs
 * U.S. attempts to come to grips with a "loss" - blow to self-esteem


 * Several major U.S. changes as a result of the conflict**
 * government abolished the draft, which had stirred up so much of the antiwar sentiment
 * War Powers Act - curb the power of the President for making war - US forces are sent into a hostile area without a declaration of war - the troops may only stay there 90 days unless Congress approves of the action and/or declares war
 * altered American foreign policy - risks are considered, because no one wants another Vietnam
 * overall cynicism in Americans about their government and their political leaders -

The **Disillusionment** of those who served
 * veterans **extended a cold hand**
 * **some veterans suffered from** stress
 * many citizens embittered toward government
 * entire generation of Americans was affected


 * [[image:http://img2.imagesbn.com/images/113970000/113976356.JPG caption="external image 113976356.JPG"]] || **WHAT IS THE LEGACY OF VIETNAM? WHAT DO YOU THINK?**
 * A failure, and used as a learning experience so it can be prevented if it repeats.

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